Device for honing internal cylindrical surfaces



W. F. EMERSON DEVICE FOR HONING NTERNAL CYLINDRICAL SURFACES @ci 5 9 B926. LGLSES Filed Jan. 4, 1925 E0 y l 36 TOR M//QW ATTORAM Patented 5, 1926.

UNITED sTATi-:s

PATENT OFFICE.Y

DEVICE FOB KONING INTERNAL CYLINDBICAL SUBFACES.

Application led January 4, 1923. Serial No. 610,617.

This invention relates to the art of finishing of the cylindrical bores of motor c linders and consists of an improved mi ing or honing tool of an improved construction and arrangement particular] adapted for finishing of the surfaces o the cyhnder bores with a more highl and accurately iinished surface than has n obtained by the use of tools as heretofore used for the purse. Y In my co-pending application Serial No, 541,338 I have illustrata@ deirable type and design of lportable milling or honing tool employing oning stones, radially positioned and arranged to lact upon the internal, peripheral surface of a cylinder bore under pressure whereby, u on rotationpf the tool, the c linder wall is honed to'` produce a -smoot and polished surface. A tool of this type and particularly of the portable design, as illustrated, is especially well adapted for the refinishing of worn and scored cylinders in connection with the replacing of the pistons with so called over-sized pistons which is the customary practice. With particular reference to this reborin operating u n worn cylinders it has been emonstrate that a particular difficulty is presented b the fact that under the conditions of wear t e cylinder walls are often found to be tapered or inclined from arallel relation with the upper portion o vthe cylinder wall against which the piston rings bear having an enlarged diameter relative to the lower portion of the wall engaged by the plston or vice versa.

A particular object of my resent improvements is t0 provide a oning tool ada ted in its ,action to eliminate the taper of t e cylinder bore and to insure that the nished cylindrical surface .shall have its curved walls in accurate arallel relation whereby thediameter of t e bore shall be' an im roved flexible connection between the hone y and the driving handle or supporting shaft of a detachable type which allows of conveniently and readily securing the driving handle to the tool after the latter has been positioned within the cylinder bore and an improved construction and arrangement for detachably securing the stones within their supporting trays in a manner which facilitates the removal thereof and which allows of the stones being adjusted to change the active surfaces. The latter feature is of further advantage in providing for convenience in removing of the stones for the redressing of the active surfaces and in facilitating the replacing of the stones as ma be required.

The descri ed and other valuable features and advantages of my invention will be understood by reference to the accompanying drawing wherein like -reference numerals are applied to the corresponding parts in the several views.

Referring to the drawing:

Fig. /1 is a central, vertical, sectional view of a desirable embodiment ofthe features of my invention. f

Fig. 2 is a view thereof in side elevation,

Fig. 3 is a horizontal,` cross-sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a plan .view illustratin the operating shaft in position for assem ling.'

Figs. 5 and 6 are planl views, respectively', of the securing plate and the body member illustrating the arrangement for coupling to the operating shaft.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged cross sectional view through one ofthe tray members, and

Fig. 8y isa detailed longitudinal section through a'portion of la tray or carrier member, i ustrating the mea-ns for securing the stones in position.

In the drawings there is illustrated an approved embodiment of the features of my invention .wherein 1 indicates the supporting or body member of the tool which is of general cylindrical form and adapted 'to support and provide bearings for the several movable parts of the completed tool. The body 1 of the tool is of a size and of suitable diameter to allow of its being received bodily within the cylindrical bore to be acted upon. This supporting member 1 is further desirably arranged to be supported upon i purpose the o and rotated by an operating shaft having a suitable iexible connection and driven by` a portable type of driving motor. For this rating shaft 2, or driving handle, is provided and arranged at its lower extremity to have coupling arrangement with the tool body 1 whereby it will support the tool body to transmit rotary motion thereto. The upper end of the operating shaft or driving handle 2 is suitably reduced at 3 to be received by the chuck lof a portable drill motor or similar portable motor. The arrangement is accordingly such that it permits of the tool being manually supported within the cylindrical bore by the o erator and to be vertically reciprocated tlliaerein while being rotated at a suitable speed under the influence of the power derived from the motor armature shaft.

An important feature 'of the present invention consists in the specific form and arrangement of the connecting means aord- `2. In accordance therewith the operating shaft 2 is rovided atits lower extremity with a ball) enlargement 4 fitted within a suitable socket or opening 5 formed in the upper end portion of the supporting member 1 of the tool.. The lower portion of the socket 5 is formed with opposite spherical surfaces 6--6 described by arcs concentric with the longitudinal axis of the tool and of radii generally complemental to the ball enlargement 4 to provide ya bearing seat therefor. This socket 5 is also formed, as shown, with opposite radial extensions or openings 7 -7 within which are received key extensions 8-8 formed upon the ball enlargement 4 of the operatin shaft 2, the purpose of which is to rotatab y secure the supporting member 1 to the operating shaft 2 whereby they will rotate in unison. A. cover or securing plate 9 is suitably attached to the upper end of the body member 1 by means of screws, as shown,.and is arranged to overlie the key extensions 8 to oppose longitudinal separation -of the tool and driving handle and withdrawal of the ball engagementfrom within the socket under normal operating conditions. The arrangement, as described, provides Aa exible driving connection or coupling between the tool body 1 and the operating shaft which allows of relative axial defiection of said members which is particularly desirable and advantageous in avoiding lateral strains and vibration of the tool in the milling operation as it allows of 'the milling tool proper to be self-aligning with relation to the axis of the bore being acted upon. l

vIncidental to further features of this coupling connection an additional and important advantage obtained is that the connected parts are readily separable. rllhe rekey hectare sulting arrangement conveniently allows of thev'parts being detached to permit of adjustment of the parts ofthe honing tool while the tool proper is positioned within the bore of the cylinder. For this purpose (as best shown in Fig. 4) the radial enlargements or oppositely extended openings 7, are annularly enlarged to permit a partial rotation of the key members 8 therein and the cover or end closing plate 9 is formed with a central enlarged circular opening 1 of a diameter sufficient to allow the passage of the ball enlargement 4 therethrough and is provided at one side thereof only with a radial extension to said opening in the form of a key slot 11. This key slot is of a size merely sufficient to allow the passage of the key element 8 therethrough. The key opening 11, as will be noted, is positioned above the angularly enlarged socket extension 7, and at one end thereof as considered angularly, and which for reference may be termed the rear end of the opening as defined by its forward and rearward vertical walls 12 and 13. As a result thereof, with the key element 8 in angular position of registration with the slot 11, upon tilting of the operating shaft the key element 8 may be withdrawn from within the socket and with the shaft thus positioned at a wide angle to the longitudinal axis of the toolbody, as indicatedin Fig. 2, the ball enlargement and o posite key extension :8 'may be withdrawn t rough the circular opening 10 and the parts fully separated. In similar manner the parts are assembled and upon giving the shaft a partial revolutionV in clockwise direction, as indicated in Fig. 4, the key elements 8' will assume the forward engaging position within the opening 7 in which normal and operating position lthe parts are non-separable. This described arrangement is particularly desirable in that the separation of the parts is permitted only upon tilting of the operating shaft to the wide angular position indicated and in all other positions the parts cannot be longitudinally separated irrespective of whether or not the key 8 is in vertical registration with the key slot 11. There is thus provided adetachable and fiexible connection which allows of coupling by simple manipulation andv without removal of parts and which under normal operating conditions provides an effective driving and supporting connection.

rlhe supporting member 1 below its upper end or socket portion, is formed with an enlarged opening 15 the wall of which may be circular in form and concentric with the central longitudinal .axis of the tool. The member 1 is accordingly formed for the major portion of its length of an annular wall which is provided, as shown, with longitudinally extending, elongated and parallel guide slots 18 of which four are shown vsirably rectangular in cross-section and formed of suitable carborundum or like composition. Y

The honing stones 22 are desirably supported within the pans or carriers 2() in a resilient and yielding manner so that in operation they will actl under spring pressure against the vsurfaces Vb'e'ing acted upon. For this purpose the central portion 25 of the rear wall ofA4 the tray or carrier is formed parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tool and is provided with socket depressions 26 to receive therein coil springs 27 4arranged to exert an outward pressure against the honing stones 22. As indicated each of the trays is provided with two compression springs 27 to act upon the stones, but as will be understood a single compression spring or equivalent resilient means may be employed for the purpose. A particularly important feature of the present invention consists in the provision or incorporation with the radial actin means, of lmeans for equalizing or control ing the movement ofthe stones under outward pressure whereby the movement lwill be uniform with respect to the opposite ends of the stone for the purpose of at all times maintaining the outer or active surfaces of the stones in true parallel relation. For the purpose, as here shown, there is provided within each tray a pressure transmission plate or tension plate 28 interposed between the compression springs 27 and the honing stones 22. As best illus- .trated' in` Figs. 3 and 7, the transmission plates 28 are hingedly or pivotally secured within the trays at one longitudlnal edge thereof within a suitable longitudinal slot or recess 29 Aformed in one inner wall of the tray and extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the to'ol. plates 28, as'shown, are rounded upon their longitudinal edges and the slots 29 are correspondingly rounded whereby the plate will freely pivot therein. For securing the plates 28 to pivot within the slots 29 they are, as shown, provided with openings 30 to receive the small retaining blocks or shoulders v31 attached to the rear wall of the tray by being riveted thereto. The plates are thereby supported and confined to move in a fixed plane under the influence of the compression springs bearing thereagainst in consequence of which the radial movementnfythe honing The transmission stones is governed so as to be uniform throughout their length and thereby maintain in all positions the desired parallel or true vertical position of their active surfaces. This feature is of great importance as related to the successful operation of the tool in the reboring of worn cylinders in that it insures of obtaining a refinished bore having its walls accurately parallel or longitudinally of uniform diameter. The transmission or tension plates 28, in act-ing to maintain parallel at all times the honing surfaces, permit of reinishing cylinder bores which have been worn to a tapered condition (wherein the curved surfaces are longitudinally inclined) so as to correct the alignment of the walls rather than to follow up the inclination during the honing action as has been the fault of honing tools as heretofore used. This feature is of further importance in preventing the tilting of the stones during the honing action as would otherwise result under conditions where hard spots or regions are encountered in the surfaces being acted upon. Y

Suitable means are provided for retaining the honing stones 22 within the supporting trays 20. In accordance with the present improvements each of the traysis provided at one end of the wall with an inwardly projecting integral lug or stop 35 received within an annular enlarged opening 36 formed in the end of the honing stone and at its opposite end the tray is provided with a suitable yielding retaining means adapted to permit pf readily withdrawing the stone as desired; Thelatter means, as here shown, consists of a suitable socket member 37 fitted to the end wall of the tray and formed with an inwardly directed recess or opening 38 within which is positioned a compression spring 39 bearing upon a yieldable stop or ball 40 confined within the socket by turning or punching inwardly o f portions of the member 37 to a degree which permits of the ball partially projecting therebeyond. The

adjacent end of the honing stone is formed.

with an enlarged annulargokpening 41 which may be of the concave form,'as shown, to receive the ball. The stone 22 is thereby yieldingly retained within the tray in a manner permitting of its being readily removed. To facilitate the latter the side walls of the trays are suitabl recessed 'at 43-43 adjacent their upper en s to allowof grasping the stones with the fingers to effect their removal.

yThe enlarged-openings 36/and 41 in the ends lof the stones are proportioned to allow of the desired radial movement ofthe stones within the trays to permit of the stones acting under the spring pressure in the honing operation.

The described method of securing the plates 28 within the trays is such as to limit or determine the extreme outward .movement imparted thereby to the stones under the uence of the sprin s 27 and this extreme movement, as will. e understood, is limited to preclude of moving the stones outwardly beyond a position whereby they are retained by means of the yielding catch' 40. IThe described retaining means for the stones is desirable and advantageous in facilitating the removal of the stones without requiring special tools therefor. This permits of readily substituting stones of finer grade or abrasive texture for finishing the honing opera tion and further permits of readily changing the position oi' the stones within the holders to renew the acting surfaces whereby the several surfaces of the stones may be employed with resulting economy.

There is further incorporated with the described construction means for adjusting the carrier members for the purpose of ada ting the tool for the regrinding 'of cylin er bores of varying diameter. The arrangement provided orthis purpose in the con? struction as illustrated in Figs. l and 3 consists in formino the carrier member or tray 20 with'the end portions 50 of its rear wall reversely and' inwardly inclined. The in ner or bearing surfaces of the inclined walls 50 are engaged by the `parallel external inclined surfaces of wedges 52. These wedges are rectangular in cross-section with outer inclined walls and are centrally threaded` for screw engagement with the axially extending, reversely threaded adjusting screw The adjusting screw is suitably journalled at its respective ends at 56 in the upper wall of the supporting member and in the bearing lug 57 threaded to the lower end of the member l. lt is provided at its upper extremity with the manipulating slot 59 for adjustment by means of a screw-driver. The inclined walls 50 of the pan or carrier 20 are provided with longitudinal guide slots 60 to which are fitted guiding studs 61 threaded to apertures in the adjusting wedges 52, the studs being loosely tted within the slot and the heads thereof acting to confine the carriers from outward movement with relation tothe wedges. As will be obvious from the construction disclosed upon rotation of the screw 55 the wedges 52 will relatively 'advance or recede and thereby move the car- .riers radially outwardly or inwardly to varied positions of adjustment.A

The described construction in desirable manner providesfor the radial adjustment of the tracys by manipulation from the upper end of the tool. This is eiiected upon the uncoupling or separation 'of thev driving shaft 2 from the holder l in the convenient,

manner, as heretofore described. Access is then permitted for adjusting of the screw 55 by means of a screw-driver or other suitable tool through the aperture 9 and socket 7 which allows of making the adjusti,eoi,sia

v"the cylinder bore to be acted upon.

Having described my invention I claim:

1. A device of the character described comprising a suitable supporting member, a series of radially disposed carrier members upon the supporting member, honing stones fitted within the carrier members, means within the carriers adapted to impart yield-- ing outward pressure to the stones and means interposed between the pressure means and the stones and operative to maintain the stones in constant parallel relation throughout their expansive movement, said means consisting of a transmission plate having an elongated bearing upon the inner surface of the stone and hingedly connected to the carrier to be movable only in a fixed plane.

2. A device of the character described comprising a suitable supporting member, a series of radially disposed carrier members carried' by the supporting members, honing stones iitted within. the carrier members to be movable radially therein, compression 4springs positioned within carriers to exert series of radially disposed carrier members carried by the supporting members, honing stones fitted within the carrier members to be movable radially therein, compressioi'i springs positioned within thel carriers to exert a lyielding outward pressure against the stones, a pressure transmission plate having an elongated bearing against the inner side of the `stone and being hingedly .sup-

orted within the carrier member to move in a fined plane so a's to maintain the stones constantly in parallel relation and means operative to adjust the carriers radially in unison for varying the effective diameter of the device.

,4. A device of the character deseribed comprising a suitable supporting member, a series of honing stones radially positioned therein and supported tobe expansible un- .der a yielding pressure, a supporting and driving shaft therefor and a flexible connection between said shaft and the supportn ingl member, said connection being formed to permit separation or uncoupling when moved to an extreme angular position only,

substantially ais-described.

5. A device of the character described comprising a supporting member, a series of Sii radially disposed carrier members upon the supporting member, honing stones titted to the carriers and supported to be radially expansible therein and means to retain the stones within the carriers comprising yieldable stops positioned to engage the stones, substantially as described.

6. A device of the character described comprising a supporting member, a series oi' radially disposed carrier members u on the support-ing member, honing stones tted to the carriers and supported to be radially expansible therein and retaining means Jfor the stones comprising rigid stops within the carriers to engage the stones within enlarged recesses therein at one end of the carriers and yieldable stops fitted Within the carriers to similarly engage the stones at the opposite ends of the carriers, substantially as dcscribed.

7. device of the character described comprising a supporting member, a series otl radially disposed carrier membersupon the supporting member, honing stones iitted within the carrier members, means within the carriers adapted to impart yielding outward pressure to the stones, means' interposed between the pressure means andthe stones and operative to maintain the stones in con'- stant parallel relation throughout their expansive movement consisting of a transmission plate bearing upon the inner suri'ace ot the stone and hingedly connected to the carrier, retaining means for the vstones consisting of inwardly directed stops, provided at one end of the `carriers and positioned within enlarged openings in the scones at one end thereof and ball stops tit-ted to sockets in the opposite ends oi the carriers, compression springs within the sockets positioned to act upon the ball to hold the balls under yielding pressure ,in posit-ion of enlargement with the stones within enlarged openings and said carrier members having;` their side walls cut away adjacent the yielding stops to give access for grasping'the stones whereby they may be readily withdrawn trom the carriers.

8. A device of the character described comprising a. suitable supporting member, a series of radially disposed :arrier members carried by the supporting members, honing stones fitted within thi` carrier members to be capable ot outward or radial movement therein, compression springs positioned within the carriers to exert a yielding outward pressure against the stones, a pressure transmission late having an elongated bearing against die inner side ot the stone and having a pivotal connection with the carrier member so as to be movable in ay fixed plane, said connection comprisingan elongated slot in the wall ot the carrier within which the longitudinal edge of the plate is fitted and means for holding the plate within the slot consisting of retaining shoulders aiiixed to the carrier and formed to overlie portions of the plate, substantially as described.

9. A device of the character described comprising a suitable supporting member, a series of radially disposed carrier members upon the supporting member, honing stones fitted within the carrier members, means within the carriers adapted to impart yielding outward pressure to the stones, means interposed between the pressure means and the stones and operative to maintain the stones in constant parallel relation throughout their expansive movement, and means operative to adjust the carriers radially in unison for varying the eliective diameter of the device.

l0. A device ofthe character described comprising a suitable supporting member, a series el radially disposed carrier members upon the supporting member, honing stones iitted within the carrier members, means within the carriers adapted to impart yielding outward pressure to the stones and means interposed between the pressure means and the stones and operative to maintain the stones in constant parallel -relation throughout. their expansive movement, said means consisting ot a transmission plate having an elongated bearing upon the inner surface ot the stone and hingedly connected to the carrier to be movable only in a fixed plane and means operative to adjust the carriers radially in unison for varying the etlective diameter of the device.

l1. ln a cylinder grinder the combination with a rotatable block and a radially adjustable member therein, of a radially adjustable stone. a pivotal member extending longitudinally of and bearing against the inner side of said stone, and spring means for holding said pivotal means in Contact with the stone.

12. In a cylinder grinder, the combination with a rotatable block and a radially adjustable member therein, of a radially adjustable stone, a member extending longitudinally of the inner side of the stone and pivoted at one side thereof and having the other side tree, and a plurality of springs bearing against the free side of said pivotal member to hold the stone extended uniformly from end to end.

13. ln a cylinder grinder, the combination with a rotatable block having a plurality of longitudinally radial slots and a common central passage connecting with said slots, holders slidably arranged in said slots having bevelled inner surfaces. adjustable taperetfl members engaging said bevelled surfaces and adapted to move said holders 1n uniform and equal adjustment. stones adjustably arranged in said holders, pivotal menibers within said holders bearing uuii'ormly throughout the length ol the inner i0 side thereof, a plurality o side of the stones, and spring means for holding said pivotal members against said stones.

14. A cylinder grinder, comprising a block having a plurality of radial slots, stone holding members slidaloly arranged in said slots, said members being recessed longitudinally, plates extending longitudinally Within the recesses of said holders and ivoted at one coil springs bedded in the kortom of the recesses and pressing outwardly against -`the free portion of the ivotal plaie, stories slidably retained in sai recesses and engaging said pivotal plates, and means for limiting the radial movement of said stories.,

Si ned at Bu'alo in the county o Erie and tate of New York this Sthday of December A. D. 1922.

qWlLLlflAll E EMERSN. 

